Evolution of the Incidence, Treatment, and Mortality of Cervical Cancer in Patients Treated at Miguel Servet University Hospital of Zaragoza

Research Article

Austin J Med Oncol. 2017; 4(1): 1030.

Evolution of the Incidence, Treatment, and Mortality of Cervical Cancer in Patients Treated at Miguel Servet University Hospital of Zaragoza

José Y1,2*, Borque A¹, Rubio P¹, Baquedano L1,2, Lanzón A1,2 and Ruiz Conde MA1,2

¹Department of Gynecology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, College of Medicine, Spain

²IACS, Aragon Institute of Health Sciences, Spain

*Corresponding author: Yasmina Jose Gutierrez, Department of Gynecology. Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain

Received: April 12, 2017; Accepted: May 18, 2017; Published: May 25, 2017

Abstract

Cervical cancer is the second most frequent gynecological tumor worldwide. The main reason for this frequency is not practicing adequate cytological screening. We performed a descriptive study of patients with invasive cervical cancer treated at our center from January 2003 through December 2015. In this period, 316 patients were diagnosed with cervical cancer. The mean age was 54.39 ± 16.20 years, with a range of 19 to 90 years and a mode of 49 years. A total of 77.8% of the patients were Spanish and 22.2% were foreign. The initial treatment was surgical in 57.9% of the patients and radio-chemotherapy in 42.1%. The most frequent tumoral stage was IIB followed by IB1. The most common histological type was squamous carcinoma (61.3%), followed by adenocarcinoma (22.6%). Most of the patients, 64.2%, did not experience a relapse and overall survival was 64.9%. Notably, 86.30% of study subjects had not had an appropriate cervical cancer screening test.

Keywords: Cervical cancer; Chemoradiotherapy; Screening

Abbreviations

HUMS: Miguel de Servet University Hospital, IACS: Aragon Institute of Health Sciences

Introduction

After breast cancer, cervical cancer is the type of cancer with the highest incidence and mortality worldwide [1]. As many as 83% of cases of cervical cancer are diagnosed in developing countries, whereas it is less frequent in developed countries [2]. In Europe, cervical cancer ranks fourth among the most frequent types of cancer, and it is the seventh most common cause of mortality [3]. Although Spain is one of the European countries with a lowest incidence, two women die every day from cervical cancer despite the successful screening programs in place.

The primary goal of this study was to determine the incidence, therapy, relapse rate, and mortality of patients diagnosed with infiltrating cervical cancer treated in our hospital in the last 13 years to assess the evolution of these factors over time.

Secondary objectives included assessing the origin of referral, tumor stage, and more frequent histological types, and determine the efficacy of screening programs.

Materials and Methods

The study was performed in the Miguel de Servet University Hospital (HUMS), which is located in Zaragoza, the fifth largest city of Spain. HUMS is a third-level hospital serving a population of 530,510 people. It is also the reference hospital for gynecologic oncology of the Autonomous Community of Aragon. Aragon has a population of 1.277.471 inhabitants, which accounts for 2.85% of the Spanish population. The total population of Zaragoza is 917,288 (71% of the population of Aragon).

We conducted a retrospective review of patients diagnosed with cervical cancer and treated in our hospital from January 2003 to December 2015. During the study period, a total of 316 women were diagnosed with cervical cancer.

All patients with a diagnosis of infiltrating cervical cancer established in our Unit or elsewhere during the study period were included in the study.

Patients with high-grade cervical lesions or diagnosed in situ were excluded from the study.

The sample was extracted from the database of the Unit of Gynecologic Oncology, where all patients diagnosed with cervical cancer from 2003 and treated in our Unit are registered. The clinical records of the patients included in the study were reviewed on a caseby- case basis upon request to the Service of Clinical Records.

For statistical analysis, the data obtained were transcribed into a computerized database using the IBM Statistics Process Social Sciences 15.0 package for Windows (Copyright© SPSS Inc., 2006 license owned by the University of Zaragoza).

We established a level of statistical significance with a p value < 0,05.

Results

The incidence of cervical cancer in our hospital (HUMS) has remained stable since 2003. From January 2003 to December 2015, a total of 316 patients with a diagnosis of cervical cancer were treated in our center. Figure 1 shows the number of patients treated in our center during the study period.