Analytical Methodologies for Determination of Methylcobalamin: An Overview

Review Article

Austin J Anal Pharm Chem. 2016; 3(1): 1062.

Analytical Methodologies for Determination of Methylcobalamin: An Overview

Bari NM, Khan ZG and Patil DD*

Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India

*Corresponding author: Dipak D Patil, Assistant professor, Head of Department, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India

Received: March 21, 2016; Accepted: April 13, 2016; Published: April 14, 2016

Abstract

Three different form of vitamin B12 are available as methylcobalamin, cyanocobalamin and hydroxocobalamin. Methylcobalamin is considered as an active form of vitamin B12 whereas other two as inactive forms. Methylcobalamin is official in Japanese Pharmacopoeia. This article reviews the analytical methods for identification and quantitative estimation of methylcobalamin in various pharmaceutical formulations. We had reviewed analytical methods published so far for estimation of methylcobalamin in pharmaceutical formulations mainly from 1960 to 2015. The most commonly adopted method for the determination of methylcobalamin was UV–Visible spectrophotometry. There were various other methods reported viz Reversed Phase - High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC), Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Almost all methods have been developed for estimation of methylcobalamin in tablet (available as combination with another drug). There was a single method reported for quantitative estimation of methylcobalamin injection.

Keywords: UV–Visible Spectrophotometry, TLC, RP-HPLC, LC-MS, Methylcobalamin review, Validation

Abbreviations

MeCbl: Methylcobalamin; MBA: Microbiological Assay; DW: Distilled Water; ACN: Acetonitrile; KH2PO4: Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate; ODS: Octadecylsilyl Groups; LOD: Limit of Detection; LOQ: Limit of Quantification; NH4OH: Ammonium Hydroxide; ICH: International Conference Harmonization; RSD: Relative Standard Derivation

Introduction

Methylcobalamin (MeCbl) is carbanide; cobalt(3+);[5-(5,6- dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl) oxolan-3-yl]-1-[3-[(4Z,9Z,14Z)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2oxoethyl)- 7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl- 2,7,12,17-tetrahydro-1H-corrin-21-id-3-yl] propanoylamino] propan-2-yl phosphate chemically with molecular formula C63H91CON13O14P and official in Japanese Pharmacopoeia (XIV) [1]. Chemical structure of MeCbl is shown in Figure 1. MeCbl is one of the co enzymatically active cobalamin derivative. It is an essential nutrient linked to human growth, cell development and an important component of several enzymes which is involved in the metabolism of certain amino acids. MeCbl had been used to prepared by partial synthesis upto 1962 and was found to be an active constituent in enzymatic synthesis of methionine by extract of an Escherichia coli mutant [2].