A Green and Sustainable Method by Infrared for Quantitative Determination of Sodium Cephalothin

Research Article

Austin J Anal Pharm Chem. 2019; 6(2): 1117.

A Green and Sustainable Method by Infrared for Quantitative Determination of Sodium Cephalothin

Nascimento PA, Kogawa AC* and Salgado HRN

Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, Univ Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil

*Corresponding author: Ana Carolina Kogawa, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, UNESP, Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú, Araraquara, SP, Brazil

Received: April 23, 2019; Accepted: July 15, 2019; Published: July 22, 2019

Abstract

Cephalothin sodium is a semi-synthetic first-generation cephalosporin used in clinics for the treatment of skin and soft tissues infectious diseases, mainly caused by Staphylococcus aureus, and on surgical prophylaxis. The quality control of drugs is one of the most important parts in the production process, in this way, the development of new analytical methods makes necessary. So, a spectrophotometric method by infrared was proposed for the quantitation of cephalothin sodium in lyophilized powder. This method was chosen because it is simple, it does not use organic solvents and the generation of waste is very low, what makes this method greener, clean, of low cost and sustainable. All parameters recommended on International Conference on Harmonization guidelines were successfully accomplished. It showed linearity in the range of 0.4-0.8mg with correlation coefficient of 0.9985 and it was selective when compared to the reference substance, sample and placebo. It was also robust, when changes in time and strength of compression were performed; it was accurate using the method of recovery of standard with mean recovery of 99.97%. The limits of detection and quantification were, respectively, 0.05 and 0.16mg, therefore, this method is also sensitive. A greener, cleaner and ecologically correct method for the analysis of cephalothin in lyophilized powder. In this way, the method proved to be an ecological alternative that can be applied in the routine analyzes of this drug.

Keywords: Cephalothin Sodium; Ecological Alternative; Lyophilized Powder; Quality Control; Spectrophotometric Method by Infrared

Introduction

The cephalosporins belong to the beta-lactam antibiotic class and was first isolated as cephalosporin C from a filtrate of Cephalosporium acremonium. This substance showed a weak antimicrobial action, but, it was resistant to penicilinases and, with changes in the lateral chains many other substances were produced and are still used in clinical treatments [1].

Cephalothin sodium (Figure 1) is a semi-syntheticfirst-generation cephalosporin that shows bactericidal activity against Gram positive microorganisms. Its mechanism of action is by inhibition of the synthesis of cell wall of bacterias, in this way, the microorganism is more susceptible to death [2,3]. Nowadays it is used for infections in soft tissues and as post-surgical prophylaxis [4,5].