Angiographic Coronary Revascularization in Patient with Chronic Total Occlusion of Left Coronary Artery Originating from Right Coronary Cusp: A Retrograde Approach

Case Report

Austin Cardio & Cardiovasc Case Rep. 2023; 8(3): 1063.

Angiographic Coronary Revascularization in Patient with Chronic Total Occlusion of Left Coronary Artery Originating from Right Coronary Cusp: A Retrograde Approach

Ghasemi M¹; Tootoonchian MJ²; Harati H³; Laleh Far V4*

1President of Iranian Society of Atherosclerosis, Tehran, Iran

2General Cardiologist, Department of Cardiology, Imam Sadegh Hospital, Arak University of medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

3Fellowship of Echocardiography, Bahman General Hospital, Tehran, Iran

4Department of cardiology, Pars Hospital, Tehran, Iran

*Corresponding author: Laleh far V Department of Cardiology, Pars Hospital, Keshavarz Boulevard, number 67, PO Box: 1415944911, Tehran, Iran Tel: +989125878713; Fax: + 98 21 88966052 Email: lalleh_2005@yahoo.com

Received: September 25, 2023 Accepted: October 18, 2023 Published: October 25, 2023

Abstract

A 51-years-old man with left main coronary artery originating from right Valsalva sinus presented with unstable angina and multi-vessel coronary disease and chronic total occlusion of anterior descending artery. Percutaneous coronary intervention using retrograde approach achieved complete revascularization and symptom relief.

Keywords: Anomalous left main coronary artery; Chronic total Ooclusion; Percutaneous coronary intervention

Abbreviations: LMCA: Left Main Coronary Artery; CTO: Chronic Total Occlusion; LAD: Left Anterior Descending Artery; PCI: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; LV: Left Ventricle; RCA: Right Coronary Artery; SCD: Sudden Cardiac Death

Case Presentation

Anomalous Left Main Coronary Artery (LMCA) originating from right coronary cusp is a rare but critical congenital anomaly with possibility of Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) [1]. Coronary artery Chronic Total Occlusion (CTO) is one of the most challenging condition that cardiologist accost during Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) [2]. Hence, coronary artery revascularization in the setting of coronary anomaly and CTO is more challenging. The general approach for recanalization of CTO is antegrade approach, but these years, retrograde technique is used more frequently and can ameliorate the outcome [3].

We render a case where PCI has been done perfectly in presence of CTO of Left Anterior Descending artery (LAD) and originating LMCA from right coronary cusp by retrograde approach from Right coronary artery (RCA).

We report a 51 years-old man, a known case of hypertension, was admitted to our clinic with complaints of retrosternal chest pain ( Canadian Cardiovascular Society class III) persisting for one week, which has recently worsened. His symptoms were associated with fatigue and diaphoresis. Upon diagnosis of unstable angina, he was admitted to another center and received treatment with loading doses of Asprin , Clopidogrel , Rosuvastatin and Bisoprolol . Coronary angiography revealed multi-vessel coronary artery disease, with the LMCA arising from right Valsalva sinus and CTO of the mid part of LAD with Rentrop grade-3 retrograde filling from right system (Figure 1). As a result of these findings, he became a candidate for coronary artery bypass surgery. During our visit, his vital signs were stable, and physical examinations were unremarkable. Complete blood count, serum creatinine and cardiac troponin I levels were Normal. Electrocardiogram showed Normal sinus rhythm with no significant ST-segment and T wave deviation. Echocardiography demonstrated preserved Left Ventricular (LV) function with LV ejection fraction of 50-55%. Furthermore, there was no significant valvualar heart disease observed.