Collagen Fibers: An Emerging Source for Medical Applications

Review Article

Adv Res Text Eng. 2022; 7(1): 1069.

Collagen Fibers: An Emerging Source for Medical Applications

Zaki Mujahid SM¹, Abdul Alim M² and Islam T¹*

¹Department of Textile Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh

²Department of Textile Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, Bangladesh

*Corresponding author: Tarikul Islam, Department of Textile Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore-7408, Bangladesh

Received: March 09, 2022; Accepted: April 01, 2022; Published: April 08, 2022

Abstract

Collagen is a connective tissue protein that has piqued the interest of scientists for quite some time. Collagen is important for the organism’s survival as well as the pathophysiology of sclerosis, scarring, inflammatory disorders, and regeneration. Low immunogenicity, regulated biodegradation and bioresorptivity during organism implantation, absence of toxicity, biocompatibility, and good plasticity are just a few of the practical qualities that make it appealing for medical and cosmetic materials. Collagen fiber, its extraction, and production method have all been examined in this review. The application is also discussed in this review.

Keywords: Collagen fiber; Inflammatory disorders; Organism

Introduction

In vertebrates, type I collagen fiber (CF) is one of the most abundant structural proteins. It is found in animal bones, tendons, cartilage, interosseous membrane, skin, ligaments, and other connective tissue, where it makes up 25% to 35% of total protein [1]. Individual collagen triple helices, as the basic unit of collagen fibers, assemble in a complex and hierarchical manner, resulting in macroscopic fibers and networks. The diameter of a collagen fibril is typically 10-500 nm. Glycoproteins and proteoglycans then collect it into a tiny fibril bundle with a diameter of 1-2 μm [2]. Collagen fibrils can be converted to collagen fibers by covalent cross-linking [3].

Natural collagen fiber differs from standard fibers in that it has a shorter length and can be used in textile fields more easily. Regenerated collagen fibers with specific properties are obtained by spinning methods with collagen protein extracted from substrates to adapt to human demands. Collagen is recognized as a desirable material for bio-applications due to its great biocompatibility and biodegradability, as well as its low antigenicity. Furthermore, collagen fibers have an affinity for chemicals and mental ions, allowing them to be used in a variety of sectors (Figure 1).

Citation: Zaki Mujahid SM, Abdul Alim M and Islam T. Collagen Fibers: An Emerging Source for Medical Applications. Adv Res Text Eng. 2022; 7(1): 1069.