Effect of Blend of Enzymes, Organic Catalyst and Probiotics on the Physico-Chemical Properties of Swine Farm Wastewater

Research Article

Austin J Vet Sci & Anim Husb. 2016; 3(1): 1023.

Effect of Blend of Enzymes, Organic Catalyst and Probiotics on the Physico-Chemical Properties of Swine Farm Wastewater

Sanchez AEP, dela Cruz JF* and Olarve JP

Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baos, Philippines

*Corresponding author: Joseph F dela Cruz, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines Los Baos, Philippines

Received: July 27, 2016; Accepted: October 19, 2016; Published: October 21, 2016

Abstract

The study was performed to determine the effect of the blend of enzymes, organic catalyst and probiotics on the physico-chemical properties of swine wastewater collected from a commercial swine farm in Quezon Province, Philippines. The experiment was composed of four treatments namely: treatment 1 (n=3) no treatment given, treatment 2 (n=3) 25ml of treatment at week one, treatment 3 (n=3) 25ml every week and treatment 4 (n=3) additional 25ml every week. Dissolved oxygen in parts per million was measured daily using an oxygen meter. On the average, results showed that treatment one has decreasing amount of dissolved oxygen while treatments 2, 3 and 4 has increasing amount of dissolved oxygen. Change in color of the water from brown to dark brown and formation of sludge part at the bottom and a supernatant layer at the surface was observed. There were no distinct differences on the turbidity and odor except for the presence of fly larvae in treatments 1 and 2. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference between treatment 1 to treatments 2, 3 and 4. Increase in dissolved oxygen was due to the proliferation of probiotics which increase the rate of decomposition of organic matter in waste water

Keywords: Dissolved oxygen; Wastewater; Probiotics; Organic matter

Introduction

Wastewater treatment capacity is usually uncommon in low income developing countries which usually resulted to untreated wastewater polluting the streams and rivers used for crop irrigation. This case also calls for health risk reduction. Implementing the supplementary or for some cases, alternative, conventional and non-conventional treatment for the time being is best for reducing the health risk posed by untreated or partially treated wastewater [1]. Swine production in the Philippines is tremendously increasing together with the livestock waste increasing the environmental hazard. In the Philippines, common diseases due to livestock waste were asthma, bronchitis and pneumonia [2].

Dissolved Oxygen (DO) is the level of free, non-compound oxygen in water or other liquids. It is vital to the aquatic life because it is the source of oxygen for the aquatic organisms to survive [3]. Dissolved oxygen comes from the plants which is the primary produced of DO and from the atmosphere. Oxygen in water is consumed through respiration of fishes and aquatic animals, anaerobic bacteria and microorganism respiration during decomposition of organic materials and for chemical reactions in water [4]. DO levels from 0-2 mg/l could not support living organisms, 2-4 mg/ ml could support few amounts of fish and insects, 4-7 mg/ml is acceptable for warm water fish and 7-11 mg/ ml is good for most stream fish including cold water fish [4].

Dissolved oxygen in aerobic lagoon ranges from 0.2-1.8 mg/l for primary treatment. While in anaerobic lagoon, dissolved oxygen is usually not detectable [5].

This study was made to check for the effect of water treatment on a swine farm wastewater using blend of enzymes, organic catalyst and probiotics to hasten the aerobic and anaerobic processes in the water. Also, to provide an alternative way to treat wastewater and to lessen the time and money needed before wastewater to be distributed in bodies of waters like rivers and creeks. This study would increase knowledge about other use blend of enzymes, organic catalyst and probiotics other than as food supplement for animals but as well as wastewater treatment. If this study was acceptable as water treatment, this study could be easily applied in different farms using the pond system as treatment. It could also prevent diseases in swine and human due to improper water disposal and control proliferation of flies in a farm.

Materials and Methods

Preparation of the materials

Bottles: Upon arriving at the area of experimentation, each 5 gallon bottle was opened by cutting the top part of the bottle approximately 3 inches from the cap. The sample was divided into four treatments with 3 replicates for each treatment. The bottle was labelled according to the treatment assigned.

Treatment: blend of enzymes, organic catalyst and probiotics: Blend of enzymes, organic catalyst and probiotics (Oxydol® by Leads Agri Animal Health, Agranco Corp.) is a beige colored powder that contains four micro encapsulated microorganism namely Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium thermophilum, Bacillus subtilus and Lactobacillus acidophilus with additional enzymes such as amylase, protease, cellulose, pectinase and phytase. The probiotic content of the treatment was 90,000,000,000 coli form forming unit per kilogram for each bacteria. The inclusion rate of the treatment is 1 liter of the solution per hectare of wastewater using 1 kilogram of the powder dissolved in 39 litters of non-chlorinated water.

The solution was prepared by mixing one liter of water to 25 grams of blend of enzymes and probiotics (Oxydol®). The solution was mixed until it homogenized and forms a brownish mucoid fluid. It was placed to the samples based on the designated amount given. For treatment 1, no treatment was given. Treatment 2 received 25mL of the treatment once on week 1. Treatment 3 received 25ml of the treatment once a week for four consecutive weeks and treatment 4 received 25ml on week 1 and an additional of 25ml of the treatment for each week until week 4. All the treatment was mixed using a stick for the treatment to disperse and then initial measurement of the dissolved oxygen was performed. Data collection started from January 26 and ended on February 19, 2015. The parameter measured was the amount of dissolved oxygen in parts per million for each samples and observe the physical changes in the wastewater.

Oxygen meter: Oxygen meter (PINPOINT® II Dissolved Oxygen Monitor) was used to measure the amount of dissolved oxygen for each replicate. The process done to measure the wastewater dissolved oxygen was followed according to the manual. Measuring of the dissolved oxygen was performed daily. The unit of measure was in parts per million (ppm).

Statistical analysis: The average dissolved oxygen for each treatment was computed. Using the ANOVA table at 95% confidence interval, all the treatment was compared to check for differences in dissolved oxygen. And using pair wise comparison Student T-test, treatment 4 was compared to treatments 3, 2 and 1 to check for significant differences between treatments. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Analysis System.

Results and Discussion

From the experiment performed, the setup mimicked the normal activity in a facultative lagoon wherein it follows a type of lagoon that have an anaerobic part at the bottom which contains the sludge and aerobic part at the surface with supernatant layer (Office of Water Programs California State University Sacramento, 2009). Formation of sludge as well as the supernatant layer at the surface was observed on treatments 2, 3 and 4 on the second week. Generally, there was an increasing amount of DO in treatments 2, 3 and 4. Although, there was a decreasing amount of DO in treatment 1 as shown in Figure 1.

Citation: Sanchez AEP, dela Cruz JF and Olarve JP. Effect of Blend of Enzymes, Organic Catalyst and Probiotics on the Physico-Chemical Properties of Swine Farm Wastewater. Austin J Vet Sci & Anim Husb. 2016; 3(1): 1023. ISSN: 2472-3371