Compact Spinning System for Fine Count Egyptian Cotton Yarns

Research Article

Adv Res Text Eng. 2016; 1(1): 1005.

Compact Spinning System for Fine Count Egyptian Cotton Yarns

Messiry ME*, Mohamed N and Esmat G

Textile Department, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Egypt

*Corresponding author: Magdi El Messiry, Textile Department, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Egypt

Received: September 09, 2016; Accepted: November 07, 2016; Published: November 22, 2016

Abstract

This study evaluates the compact yarn characteristics spun from Egyptian cotton long and extra-long staple on three commercial compact spinning system as well as ring spinning. The analyses of the correlation between the properties of fibers and the main physical and mechanical properties of the compact yarn were given. The investigation indicates that the pneumatic compacting systems give the significant improvement of yarn properties than other systems. From the analysis of the results, it is clear that the fine long staple cotton with a low value of short fiber content interacts better with the principles of the pneumatic compacting system. The main properties of the yarn, tenacity, elongation, hairiness, evenness, and imperfection were measured in the case of improving the cotton quality through increasing the percentage of noil extracted at the combing processes. The percentage of noil should be connected with the quality of the yarn processed. A modification of the compacting system was tested to improve yarn quality and it gave better results.

Keywords: Compact yarn; Compact systems; Egyptian cotton; Ring spinning; Aerodynamic condenser

Introduction

In compact spinning, the spinning triangle associated with conventional ring spinning is eliminated by pneumatic compaction, which happens by suction and compaction on a perforated revolving drum/ apron in the front zone of the drafting system [1-10]. The process is characterized by the introduction of a fourth nip point downstream of the exit from the drafting system, which acts as an aerodynamic condenser. Such in the case of COM4, where the air current created by the vacuum generated in the perforated drum, condenses the fibers after the main draft. The fibers are fully controlled all the way to form the nipping line after the drafting zone to the spinning triangle. An additional nip roller prevents the twist from being propagated into the condensing zone. The compacting efficiency in the condensing zone is enhanced by a specially designed and patented air guide element. Optimal interactions of the compacting elements ensure complete condensation of fibers, ELiTe Compact system. After the fibers leave the drafting system, they are condensed by air permeable lactic apron. This slides over an inclined suction slot. The fibers follow this suction slot and at the same time they perform a lateral rolling motion. When the fibers leave the drafting zone they are compacted by the condense apron, whereas RoCoS Compact yarn is produced by compacting the strained fibers in a condensing zone, arranged after the drafting system, as not to allow the formation of spinning triangle while twisting the strained fibers into yarn [11,12]. In this system, there is no air suction, no air pipes, no perforated drum or aprons. No extra power is required and any ring spinning machine can be modified to this system. Several research works [6-7,13-20] have been done on the properties of compact spun yarns as systems modifications in comparison to ring spinning. They indicated that all compact yarns, whether produced of short-staple fibers (cotton, cotton-type chemical fibers, and their mixtures) or long-staple fibers (wool, wool-type chemical fibers, and their mixtures) when compared with conventional ring-spun yarns, have a significantly higher tenacity and elongation, work to break, and abrasion resistance. In addition, their surface smoothness, elasticity, and softness are much better thanks to the almost ideal structure of compact yarns. The objective of this work is to study which type of the compact spinning systems is most proper to be used for spinning fine yarns from long staple Egyptian cotton.

Material and Methods

Material

Four cotton varieties were selected, G.86, G.70, G.88, G.87. Table 1 summarized results of fiber properties analysis.